Constraining the relativistic mean-field model equations of state with gravitational wave observations

The first detection of gravitational waves from the binary neutron star merger event GW170817 has started to provide important new constraints on the nuclear equation of state at high density. The tidal deformability bound of GW170817 combined with the observed two solar mass neutron star poses a serious challenge to theoretical formulations of realistic equations of state. We analyze a fully comprehensive set of relativistic nuclear mean-field theories by confronting them with the observational bounds and the measured neutron-skin thickness. We find that only a few models can withstand these bounds which predict a stiff overall equation of state but with a soft neutron-proton symmetry energy. Two possible indications are proposed: Circumstantial evidence of hadron-quark phase transition inside the star and new parametrizations that are consistent with ground state properties of finite nuclei and observational bounds. Based on extensive analysis of these sets, an upper limit on the radius of a $1.4M_\odot$ neutron star of $R_{1.4}\lesssim 12.9$ km is deduced.Comment: Matches with the published versio

On the Discovery of Success Trajectories of Authors

Understanding the qualitative patterns of research endeavor of scientific authors in terms of publication count and their impact (citation) is important in order to quantify success trajectories. Here, we examine the career profile of authors in computer science and physics domains and discover at least six different success trajectories in terms of normalized citation count in longitudinal scale. Initial observations of individual trajectories lead us to characterize the authors in each category. We further leverage this trajectory information to build a two-stage stratification model to predict future success of an author at the early stage of her career. Our model outperforms the baseline with an average improvement of 15.68% for both the datasets.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure in 25rd International World Wide Web Conference WWW 201

A new over-dispersed count model

A new two-parameter discrete distribution, namely the PoiG distribution is derived by the convolution of a Poisson variate and an independently distributed geometric random variable. This distribution generalizes both the Poisson and geometric distributions and can be used for modelling over-dispersed as well as equi-dispersed count data. A number of important statistical properties of the proposed count model, such as the probability generating function, the moment generating function, the moments, the survival function and the hazard rate function. Monotonic properties are studied, such as the log concavity and the stochastic ordering are also investigated in detail. Method of moment and the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters of the proposed model are presented. It is envisaged that the proposed distribution may prove to be useful for the practitioners for modelling over-dispersed count data compared to its closest competitors

A multiple k-means cluster ensemble framework for clustering citation trajectories

Citation maturity time varies for different articles. However, the impact of all articles is measured in a fixed window. Clustering their citation trajectories helps understand the knowledge diffusion process and reveals that not all articles gain immediate success after publication. Moreover, clustering trajectories is necessary for paper impact recommendation algorithms. It is a challenging problem because citation time series exhibit significant variability due to non linear and non stationary characteristics. Prior works propose a set of arbitrary thresholds and a fixed rule based approach. All methods are primarily parameter dependent. Consequently, it leads to inconsistencies while defining similar trajectories and ambiguities regarding their specific number. Most studies only capture extreme trajectories. Thus, a generalised clustering framework is required. This paper proposes a feature based multiple k means cluster ensemble framework. 1,95,783 and 41,732 well cited articles from the Microsoft Academic Graph data are considered for clustering short term (10 year) and long term (30 year) trajectories, respectively. It has linear run time. Four distinct trajectories are obtained Early Rise Rapid Decline (2.2%), Early Rise Slow Decline (45%), Delayed Rise No Decline (53%), and Delayed Rise Slow Decline (0.8%). Individual trajectory differences for two different spans are studied. Most papers exhibit Early Rise Slow Decline and Delayed Rise No Decline patterns. The growth and decay times, cumulative citation distribution, and peak characteristics of individual trajectories are redefined empirically. A detailed comparative study reveals our proposed methodology can detect all distinct trajectory classes.Comment: 29 page

Recent Results on Some Word Oriented Stream Ciphers: SNOW 1.0, SNOW 2.0 and SNOW 3G

In this chapter, we have studied three word-oriented stream ciphers SNOW 1.0, SNOW 2.0 and SNOW 3G in a detailed way. The detailed description includes the working principles of each cipher, security vulnerabilities and implementation issues. It also helps us to study the challenges in each cipher. As SNOW 3G is used as a confidentiality and integrity component in 3G, 4G and 5G communications, the after study of this article may instigate the reader to find the fixes from different cryptanalysis and also find a new suitable design in Mobile telephony security

Effect of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactant on Buccal Permeation of Budesonide Film Formulation: In Silico Docking Studies

Budesonide, an immunosuppressant glucocorticosteroid generally used to ameliorate chronic inflammation. Low bioavailability due to first pass metabolism decreases its therapeutic activity. The present study focuses on the formulation of a biodegradable buccoadhesive film for improvement of buccalpermeation. Transparent buccoadhesive films were prepared by incorporating budesonide in HPMC matrix with triethalonamine as a plasticizer and a number of surfactants. Absence of the characteristic drug melting peak at 252°C in Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) thermogram study confirmed almost complete amorphization of the drug to a homogenous solid-solid mixture in the film. The characteristic Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) peak of pure drug showed the carbonyl stretching in between 1600–1900 cm−1 and C–O stretching at 1095 cm−1. Broadening of C–O stretching and masking of carbonyl stretching confirmed the drug polymer interaction. In vitro dissolution and ex-vivo buccal tissue permeation revealed upto 72% and more than 58% respectively using surfactants upto 6 hour of study. Enhanced buccal permeability and flux were found in presence of surfactant compared to its absence. New film formulation could be developed including surfactant for improved buccal permeation with expected increased bioavailability. The in silico study confirmed about a stable interaction between drug and polymer (−3.1 kcal/mol)

Hydrogen Bond Dynamics Near A Micellar Surface: Origin of the Universal Slow Relaxation at Complex Aqueous Interfaces

The dynamics of hydrogen bonds among water molecules themselves and with the polar head groups (PHG) at a micellar surface have been investigated by long molecular dynamics simulations. The lifetime of the hydrogen bond between a PHG and a water molecule is found to be much longer than that between any two water molecules, and is likely to be a general feature of hydrophilic surfaces of organized assemblies. Analyses of individual water trajectories suggest that water molecules can remain bound to the micellar surface for more than a hundred picosecond. The activation energy for such a transition from the bound to a free state for the water molecules is estimated to be about 3.5kcal/mole.Comment: 12 pages. Phys. Rev. Lett. (Accepted) (2002